Cyclones originate as low-pressure systems over warm tropical oceans, such as those surrounding northern and western Australia. These low-pressure systems derive energy from the warm waters, creating a circular movement of strong winds and moisture known as a convection current.
As a cyclone progresses, it gains strength and can either dissipate over the ocean or make landfall. In severe cases, cyclones bring heavy rainfall, leading to flooding, tidal surges, and extremely destructive wind speeds reaching up to 360 KM/hour. These hazardous conditions can result in loss of life and cause significant damage to both properties and communities.
On average, Australia experiences approximately 11 cyclones annually1. These cyclones vary in intensity, ranging from mild disturbances to severe and devastating storms.
When do cyclones occur in Australia?
Australia experiences a high occurrence of tropical cyclones, primarily between November and April, peak months being between December and January.
Most at risk locations
The entire northern coastline of Australia experiences cyclones, but some areas are at a much higher risk than others. Here's a breakdown of the most at-risk locations:
- Northwest coast of western Australia (between Broome and Exmouth): This region sees the most frequent and intense cyclones in the country.
- Norther Territory: This region experiences multiple cyclones each year during cyclone season.
- Queensland's coast north of Bundaberg: This area is susceptible to cyclones, with cyclones also impacting other parts of Queensland with heavy rain and strong winds.
It is important to note that cyclones can also sometimes hit other parts of Australia outside these regions. The combination of driving winds and torrential rain of even weaker cyclones are a threat to property and can cause loss of revenue from interruption to normal trading or prevention of access.
How to prepare for a cyclone?
To prepare your business or home for a cyclone follow these steps:
